Antioxidant and whitening effects of glutathione in skin care products

As people pay more and more attention to skin health, how to safely prevent and delay skin aging needs to be solved urgently. Natural and safe functional ingredients have become one of the ingredients that consumers are chasing after in recent years. As a biologically active substance, peptide plays a vital role in the growth, development and physiological metabolism of organisms.

Glutathione is a tripeptide composed of glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. It exists in all living cells and has two forms: reduced and oxidized. It can be used in anti-aging skin care products.

The process of human physiological metabolism will continuously produce various free radicals. An appropriate amount of free radicals is beneficial to the physiological process of the human body and can help transfer and maintain energy. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RON) can cause oxidative stress, inactivate proteins and enzymes, and accelerate cell death. Antioxidants for external use on the skin have been proven to have the effect of scavenging free radicals, improving the body's antioxidant capacity, and promoting the production of collagen fibers and collagen. Due to its small molecular weight, simple structure, and active functional groups, active peptides can effectively capture free radicals in the human body, thereby delaying the damage of free radicals to the human body and delaying cell aging. The methods for evaluating the antioxidant activity of active peptide raw materials are mainly in vitro tests, such as free radical scavenging tests and cell models. The free radical scavenging test can only evaluate the ability of active peptides to scavenge free radicals or inhibit oxidative enzymes or enhance antioxidant enzymes in vitro, and cell models can simulate the physiological activities of active peptides in vivo.

Glutathione (GSH), as a tripeptide containing a sulfhydryl group, is an important intermediate product of the metabolism of living organisms and the main intracellular antioxidant of many organisms. The cysteine residues of glutathione can donate electrons to play an antioxidant role. Glutathione directly prevents ROS-mediated damage to cellular components caused by free radicals and heavy metals. Additionally, glutathione plays a key role in activating the antioxidant vitamins C and E.

The color of human skin originates from the outermost layer of the skin, that is, the melanin synthesized in melanocytes determines the color of the skin. When the skin is exposed to the sun, melanin protects skin cells from UV damage. The formation of melanin is mainly regulated by the expression of various melanin synthesis-related enzymes. Tyrosinase is the rate-limiting enzyme that controls the formation of melanin, mainly involved in the production of L-dopaquinone. TRP-1 and TRP-2 catalyze specific steps in electron generation and stabilize tyrosinase activity. Common cosmetic whitening ingredients are mainly tyrosinase inhibitors, including arbutin, kojic acid and salicylic acid, etc., but these whitening agents have certain side effects. Consumers prefer safe and effective products. Active peptides have been widely used in whitening skin care products due to their strong advantages and stability.

Glutathione, namely tripeptide-35, is an important intermediate substance in the metabolism of living organisms. It has a spectrum of antioxidant capacity, and thus has the effect of brightening the skin. The effect of glutathione on improving dull skin is achieved through the joint action of several mechanisms.

First, GSH inactivates tyrosinase by chelating copper ions on the active site of tyrosinase. Second, it is able to interfere with the transport of tyrosinase to the small advance of melanin, which is a necessary step in the synthesis of melanin. Third, glutathione is able to scavenge free radicals and hydrogen peroxide, preventing tyrosinase-activated peroxides. Finally glutathione switches the skin pigmentation pathway from eumelanin (dark pigment) to pheomelanin (light pigment). The results of a double-blind randomized controlled study showed that the melanin index (MI) and L* score of volunteers were significantly improved (p<0.05) after using glutathione externally, orally or in combination for 8 weeks.

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Tag: Glutathione GSH

Supplier Introduction: China glutathione supplier and NMN manufacturer GSHworld, the company mainly develops biotechnology and industrialization. As a global pioneer in enzymatic catalytic ATP regeneration technology, our company advocates green production and is committed to providing customers with better and more environmentally friendly products and services. Glutathione Manufacturer,NMN Factory,Citicoline Sodium supplier,China NMN manufacturers