NMN can promote stem cell vesicles to repair heart damage

Recently, researchers from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in China reported in the core journal "Stem Cell Reviews and Reports" that vesicles secreted by NMN -treated stem cells (referred to as N-Vs) can improve myocardial infarction in rats ( Cardiac function after a heart attack), while promoting blood vessel formation and reducing tissue damage, providing new ideas for the treatment of heart disease patients.

1. NMN can promote stem cell vesicles to repair heart damage

In fact, stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) secrete membrane-bound sacs known as extracellular vesicles, which are filled with potentially therapeutic molecules. Like stem cells, these vesicles have therapeutic properties. They also have advantages over stem cells, including lack of immune system rejection and tumor induction. When subjected to various stimuli, the vesicle content of stem cells will change, thereby affecting their biological effects.

First, researchers surgically induced blockage of coronary arteries in rats, causing damage to heart tissue and simulating a heart attack. They then injected untreated stem cell vesicles and NMN-treated stem cell vesicles (N-EVs) at the edge of the tissue injury in rats.

After four weeks, they found that the untreated vesicles increased the left ventricular ejection fraction -- the fraction of blood pumped by the heart. In addition, N-Vs further improved ejection fraction (EF), indicating enhanced functional repair of the heart.

Figure: After a heart attack (MI), EF % is lower than normal (Sham)

In addition, the pumping action of the heart is most efficient when the blood flow regulated by the blood vessels is optimal. The researchers found that untreated stem cell vesicles increased the density of arterioles and capillaries in heart tissue from rats after a heart attack. In addition, N-Vs further increased arterial and capillary density. These findings suggest that NMN promotes vesicle-mediated angiogenesis, thereby increasing blood flow.

Figure: Stem cell-derived vesicles (m-ev) significantly increased blood vessel formation compared to the Sham group

The formation of new blood vessels helps reduce tissue scarring fibrosis and cell death in heart muscle tissue damaged by a heart attack. The researchers found that non-NMN-treated vesicle tissue fibrosis was reduced, while N-Vs were able to reduce it even more.

Furthermore, normal vesicle injection reduced apoptosis, while vesicles exposed to N-Vs reduced even more apoptosis. These findings suggest that NMN enhances stem cell vesicle-mediated cardiac tissue repair.

Figure: Myocardial scar tissue and myocardial cell death rate after myocardial infarction (MI) were significantly higher than those in the Sham group

In this regard, the researchers stated that extracellular vesicles of stem cells can improve cardiac function by promoting angiogenesis, promoting proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, reducing fibrosis and improving cardiac function, and these functions are further enhanced after NMN treatment .

Tag: NMN

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