NMN may reduce allergy symptoms

According to statistics, in 2020, 19% of adults and 11% of children in the United States suffered from at least one food allergy. In addition to food allergies, pollen allergies and drug allergies are also common.

Allergies may cause skin itching, rhinitis, asthma, etc., and may even lead to death in severe cases. In allergic reactions, there is an important marker, which is the activation of mast cells mediated by IgE.

There is currently no particularly effective treatment for allergic diseases such as urticaria, allergic rhinitis, hay fever, allergic asthma and anaphylactic shock, and prevention is still the main approach.

Previous animal studies have shown that the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide can inhibit the release of the pro-inflammatory protein histamine, which seems to tell us that increasing NAD+ levels may inhibit the release of histamine, thereby reducing allergic reactions.

In April 2022, in a paper published in the journal "Therapeutics", Park and colleagues from Chonbuk National University School of Medicine in South Korea showed that injecting 100mg/kg NMN or 150mg/kg NR into mice can maintain the body temperature of mice Protection from temperature drops associated with allergic reactions.

Researchers in South Korea found that treating mice exposed to allergy-inducing molecules called antigens with NMN or NR significantly inhibited mast cell release of pro-inflammatory proteins.

The researchers also found that deleting Sirt6, which is critical for mast cell activation, reduced the protective effects of NR. These findings suggest that NMN or NR supplements may help calm severe allergic reactions by inhibiting mast cells from releasing pro-inflammatory proteins.

In order to further determine whether NMN can prevent allergic reactions, the researchers divided the mice into 2 groups and injected them with normal saline and NMN (dose 100 mg/kg) for 3 days, and then sensitized them with IgE antibodies. NMN began to induce allergies in mice 24 hours later.

△NMN and NR inhibit IgE/Ag-stimulated degranulation in human cord blood-derived mast cells (hCBMCs). (A) Flow cytometric analysis of trypsin, FcεRI, and CD117 in hCBMCs. (B,C) Biochemical analysis of β-hexosaminidase release (n = 7) and flow cytometric analysis of CD63 after sensitization and stimulation with 100 ng myeloma IgE/100 ng anti-IgE (Ag) ( Degranulation assay for n = 6). Values are mean±SD. **p < 0.01.

The scientists first measured the NAD+ levels (including serum and mast cells) and inflammatory mediator levels in mice. As shown in Figures 2A, 2B, and 2D, NMN supplementation significantly increased the NAD+ levels in serum and mast cells, and even reached levels in mast cells. Nearly 2 times the normal level, and also significantly inhibited the levels of inflammatory mediators.

△NMN inhibits IgE-mediated allergic reactions. (A-C) C57BL/6J mice were sensitized with 10 μg anti-DNP-IgE and challenged with 100 μg DNP-HSA without intraperitoneal pretreatment or without NMN (100 mg/kg). (A) Serum NAD+ levels (n = 9-10), (B) Peritoneal mast cell NAD+ levels (n = 8), (C) Rectal temperature changes (n = 8-9), and (D) Histamine, MCPT1 and serum levels of IL-6 (n = 8). The area above the curve (AAC) is calculated as the area between the plotted curve and the x-axis. (E-H) C57BL/6J mice were passively sensitized by injecting 1 μg of anti-DNP-IgE into the ears. Subsequently, mice were challenged by intravenous injection of 100 μg DNP-HSA in PBS/Evans blue. (E) PCA reaction sum

The main symptoms of allergies in mice are ear swelling and a drop in body temperature. To verify whether the mice's allergic symptoms have subsided, scientists measured the mice's body temperature and ear thickness.

As shown in Figures 2C, 2E, and 2F, NMN treatment was found to be effective in reducing the hypothermia and ear swelling caused by allergy, indicating that NMN can indeed reduce allergic symptoms. This brings hope for the treatment of allergies.

Tag: NMN

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