The role of glutathione in personal care products

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide compound formed by condensation of L-cysteine, γ-L-glutamic acid and glycine through peptide bonds, and has two kinds of γ-glutamyl and sulfhydryl groups. active group. Glutathione is available in two forms, oxidized (GSSG) and reduced (GSH), and the reduced form is commonly used in personal care products.

1. Antioxidant

The human body produces a large number of free radicals every day, and environmental factors can also promote the production of free radicals in the human body. Excessive free radicals will oxidize normal substances in the human body, destroy cell structure, and promote cell malignant transformation.

The sulfhydryl group (-SH) of glutathione can be oxidized into -S-S-bonds, thereby generating cross-linked disulfide bonds in protein molecules, and the -S-S-bonds can also be easily converted into sulfhydryl groups by reduction, showing the oxidation and Reversible reversibility. Among the two configurations, the reduced glutathione has the greater effect. The reduced glutathione can reduce the -S-S- bond in biological enzymes to -SH, thereby restoring or improving their activity.

Two molecules of GSH can be oxidized to one molecule of GSSG (oxidized glutathione) under the action of glutathione peroxidase GPX, and at the same time neutralize the free radical H2O2 to form harmless water and oxygen molecules, thereby protecting the cell membrane Its structure and function are free from peroxide interference and damage. GSSG is reduced to GSH under the action of glutathione reductase, and at the same time oxidizes NADPH to NADP+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleoside phosphate), thus forming a redox cycle to avoid oxidative damage.

2. Whitening

Researchers have previously studied the effect of oral glutathione (500 mg per day for 4 weeks) on skin melanin. Sixty volunteers were divided into two groups, the experimental group and the placebo group, and six parts of the skin were tested (left and right faces, left and right forearms, and left and right inner walls 10 cm from the armpits).

Changes in melanin index (negative numbers indicate decreased melanin value)

The results are shown in the figure, the melanin values of the six test sites in the glutathione experimental group all decreased significantly.

Glutathione has a certain whitening effect on melanin caused by ultraviolet rays.

3. Anti-aging

Some researchers have studied the anti-aging effect of glutathione. In a randomized double-blind experiment, healthy female volunteers were randomly divided into three groups: oral GSH (250 mg/d), GSSG (250 mg/d) or placebo12 week.

Results: It was found that both GSH and GSSG can improve the skin condition. Compared with the placebo group, all subjects had reduced dark spots caused by ultraviolet rays, and some subjects had reduced skin wrinkles and increased skin elasticity after supplementing glutathione.

Both reduced and oxidized glutathione have certain anti-aging effects.

Glutathione (GSH) is an endogenous active peptide, which can achieve anti-oxidation and anti-aging effects by removing or neutralizing various harmful peroxidized substances and free radicals produced in the human body. Thiol group is the most important functional group of GSH, which can participate in many important biochemical reactions in the body, protect the important enzyme protein in the body from oxidation and inactivation, and ensure energy metabolism and cell utilization.

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