NMN can reverse ovarian aging

Aging is an inescapable topic for every woman, and ovarian aging is the "number one killer" of female aging.

Not only does it mean a decline in fertility, but it also comes with a host of troubling menopausal symptoms.

Not long ago, a team from Peking Union Medical College Hospital found that supplementing Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) can save mitochondrial and energy metabolism functions.

At the same time, this study reveals NMN as a potential intervention to help develop more effective treatment strategies for fertility and health problems associated with ovarian aging.

So, what are the problems that premature ovarian failure brings to women's health? And how is NMN effective against ovarian aging?

hidden killer of women's health with aging ovaries

Ovaries, as an important female reproductive organ, not only bear the responsibility of ovulation and secretion of sex hormones, but also maintain the key to female youth.

However, with age, ovarian function inevitably declines, which is what we often call ovarian aging.

effects of ovarian aging are manifold:

✔ Fertility decline:

The most direct effect of ovarian aging is the decline in the number and quality of eggs, resulting in a woman's reduced chance of conception, and even infertility.

✔ Menopausal symptoms:

Hot flashes, night sweats, insomnia, mood swings... These troubling menopausal symptoms are all related to a drop in estrogen levels caused by a decline in ovarian function.

✔ Accelerated aging:

Aging of the ovary will also accelerate the aging process of the various systems of the female body, resulting in skin relaxation, wrinkles, osteoporosis and other problems.

NMN is a promising star in reversing ovarian aging

Not long ago, the research results published by the Peking Union Medical College Hospital team in the authoritative medical journal Medcomm added further evidence of the anti-aging effect of NMN.

The researchers found that giving NMN to older female mice significantly improved their ovarian function, improved egg quality, and even restored fertility!

(Figure A: Ovarian NAD+ levels decline with age; Figure C: Ovarian NAD+ levels significantly increased after short-term NMN supplementation)

The research results show that

• ★ NMN improved the ovarian reserve function in the elderly mice: After NMN supplementation, the number of follicles in the elderly mice increased significantly, and the ovarian weight also recovered.

• ★ NMN improved the egg quality of elderly mice: After NMN supplementation, the chromosome abnormality rate of eggs of elderly mice was significantly reduced, and the fertilization rate and embryonic development rate were also improved;

• ★ NMN restored fertility in older mice: Surprisingly, some of the older mice successfully conceived and gave birth to healthy offspring after NMN supplementation.

What is NMN?

NMN, which stands for niacinamide mononucleotide, is a naturally occurring bioactive molecule that is a derivative of vitamin B3 (niacin).

It is a precursor of an important coenzyme NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) in human body, and plays a key role in the physiological processes of cell energy metabolism, DNA repair, gene expression regulation and so on.

The role of NMN

The core role of NMN is to work by raising the level of NAD+ in the body.

NAD+ is a core coenzyme in cellular energy metabolism and is involved in a variety of key biological processes, including:

• ✔ Energy metabolism: NAD+ plays an important role in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation processes, helping cells convert nutrients into energy (ATP);

• ✔ DNA repair: NAD+ is a substrate for PARP (polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase), which is involved in DNA damage repair;

• ✔ Activate longevity proteins: NAD+ can activate Sirtuins (deacetylase) family proteins, especially SIRT1, which are closely related to delaying aging, improving metabolism and enhancing cell stress ability;

• ✔ Regulate the circadian clock: NAD+ is involved in regulating the expression of genes associated with the circadian clock to help maintain a normal circadian rhythm.

As people age, the level of NAD+ in the body decreases significantly, leading to a decline in cell function, which in turn leads to aging and related diseases.

Supplementing NMN can effectively increase the level of NAD+ in the body, thereby delaying aging and improving health.

Mechanism of NMN reversing ovarian senescence

Ovarian transcriptome analysis revealed the mechanism of NMN inhibiting ovarian senescence

The researchers further explored the mechanism by which NMN reverses ovarian aging and found that NMN acts primarily through the following pathways:

• ✔ Increase NAD+ level and improve mitochondrial function: NMN improves mitochondrial function by increasing the level of NAD+ in the ovary, providing sufficient energy for the egg, thus delaying ovarian aging;

• ✔ Activate SIRT1, reduce oxidative stress: NMN can activate longevity protein SIRT1, reduce oxidative stress damage to the ovary, protect eggs from free radicals;

• ✔ Promote DNA repair and maintain genome stability: NMN promotes DNA damage repair and maintains egg genome stability by improving NAD+ level and activating DNA repair enzymes such as PARP1.

Potential risks and precautions of NMN

Although NMN shows great anti-aging potential, we still need to be rational and pay attention to its potential risks and considerations:

• Safety: Currently, the safety of NMN as a dietary supplement has not been fully assessed, and long-term use may pose unknown risks.

• Effectiveness: The anti-aging effect of NMN on human body still needs more clinical trials to confirm, and there may be differences among different individuals.

• Regulatory supervision: NMN as an emerging product, its production, sales and supervision system is not perfect, consumers need to be careful to choose formal channels to buy.

Although this study provides strong evidence for NMN to reverse ovarian aging, it also brings new hope for anti-aging in women.

However, it should be noted that the current research on the reversal of ovarian aging by NMN is still in the animal experimental stage, and its safety and effectiveness in humans need further clinical trials to verify.

Related research supplement

This is not the first time NMN has shown an effect against ovarian aging.

• Two studies in 2021 found that NMN can increase NAD+ levels, repair mitochondrial function, and protect oocyte quality from degradation caused by environmental pollutants; Long-term administration of NMN can also improve endocrine function and may save the decrease of ovarian reserve.

• According to a study published in Cell Proliferation in 2022, NMN can help prevent metabolic abnormalities caused by high-fat diet (HFD) and improve ovarian quality in mice.

• According to a study published in PLOS ONE in 2023, NMN can significantly improve oocyte senescence in large animals and promote subsequent embryonic development;

• In a study published in the Journal of Ovarian Research in 2024, NMN has anti-inflammatory effects that promote ovarian health and improve premature ovarian failure.

References:

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mco2.727

Tag: NMN

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